Setting a Context:

Myths we live by
(Myths we die by)

In short, the social, as opposed to
the mystical function of mythology,
is not to open the mind,
but to enclose it:
to bind a local people together
in mutual support by offering images that awaken the heart to commonality, without allowing these {minds} to escape..."

Joseph Campbell
The Inner Reaches of Outer Space
, p. 22.

 

BEOWULF & GRENDEL:

 

 

 

...suddenly I knew that I was dealing with no dull mechanical bull but with thinking creatures, pattern makers, the most dangerous things I'd ever met...
In the beginning there were various groups of them: ragged little bands...
As the bands grew larger, they would seize and clear a hill and, with the trees they'd cut, would set up shacks, and on the crown of the hill a large, shaggy house with a steeply pitched roof and a wide stone hearth, where they'd all go at night for protection from other bands of men...they'd all eat, the men first, then the women and children, the men still drinking, getting louder and louder and braver and braver, talking about what they were going to do to the bands on the other hills. I would huddle, listening to their noise in the darkness, my eyebrows lifted, my lips pursed, the hair on the back of my neck standing up like pig's bristles. All the bands did the same thing. In time I began to be more amused than revolted by what they threatened. It didn't matter to me what they did to each other. It was slightly ominous because of its strangeness--no wolf was so vicious to other wolves--but I half believed they weren't serious...
But the threats were serious.
The leaders on both sides held their javelins high in both hands and shook them, howling their lungs out. Terrible threats, from the few words I could catch. Things about their fathers and their fathers' fathers, things about justice and honor and lawful revenge their throats swollen, their eyes rolling like a newborn colt's, sweat running down their shoulders. Then they would fight. Spears flying, swords whonking, arrows raining from the windows and doors of the meadhall and the edge of the woods. Horses reared and fell over screaming, ravens flew, crazy as bats in a fire, men staggered, gesturing wildly, making speeches, dying or sometimes pretending to be dying, sneaking off. Sometimes the attackers would be driven back, sometimes they'd win and burn the meadhall down...
...once, around midnight, I came to a hall in ruins. The cows in their pens lay burbling blood through their nostrils, with javelin holes in their necks. None had been eaten. The watchdogs lay like dark wet stones, with their heads cut off, teeth bared. The fallen hall was a square of flames and acrid smoke, and the people inside (none of them had been eaten either) were burned black, small, like dwarfs turned dark and crisp.
--John Gardner, Grendel

More musings by Grendel:

They hacked down trees in widening rings around their central halls and blistered the land with peasant huts and pigpen fences till the forest looked like an old dog dying of mange.
--John Gardner, Grendel, p. 40


Steps Toward Balance

 

Of all imaginary organisms—
dragons,
protomollusca,
missing links,
gods,
demons,
sea monsters,
and so on—
economic man is the dullest.
Gregory Bateson & Mary Catherine Bateson
Angels fear: Toward an epistemology of the sacred
p. 175

Bean Counters
Raven Messenger Service
We are beginning to play with ideas of ecology,
and although we immediately
trivialize these ideas
into commerce or politics,
there is at least an impulse
still in the human breast
to unify and thereby sanctify
the total natural world, of which we are.
Mind & Nature: A Necessary Unity, p. 16

 

Indeed, the first and most essential service of a mythology is this one,
of opening the mind and heart
to the utter wonder of all being.

Joseph Campbell, The Inner Reaches of Outer Space, p. 18

 

 

 

Intro
Meta-Principles in a Batesonian Epistemology
Beowulf & Grendel
Methodological Issues
Mapping Bateson's Difference-based Epistemology onto Boolean Nets
An Overview of E42